N / V dictionary form + とか、N / V dictionary form + とか (N / V-jisho + toka, N / V-jisho + toka) — Things like ~ and ~ (giving examples)
The soft word you use when you give a couple of examples, not the whole list.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
「とか」shows examples — "this, that, and others too". With two or more items, put とか after each one: 掃除 とか 洗濯 とか. There are two differences from 「や」. First, **や only joins nouns, while とか joins nouns and dictionary-form verbs too** — 本を 読む とか 音楽を 聞く とか. Second, **とか sounds softer and less complete than や** — it carries a stronger "and there are others" feeling. You may drop the last とか: すし とか てんぷらが 好きです. But とか is spoken language — in exam writing and formal documents use や or など instead.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
休みの 日は 掃除 とか 洗濯 とか します。
yasumi no hi wa souji toka sentaku toka shimasu.
On my days off I do things like cleaning and laundry.
すし とか てんぷらが 好きです。
sushi toka tenpura ga suki desu.
I like things like sushi and tempura.
家では 本を 読む とか 音楽を 聞く とか して います。
ie de wa hon o yomu toka ongaku o kiku toka shite imasu.
At home I do things like reading books and listening to music.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3Which one says "on my days off I do things like cleaning and reading"?
💡 Hint: A verb before とか goes in the dictionary form.
とか joins both nouns and dictionary-form verbs — 掃除するとか、本を 読むとか. The ます form and the て form do not attach. や only joins nouns, not verbs.
「掃除 洗濯 します」— what goes in the blanks?
💡 Hint: The same word attaches after each example.
掃除 とか 洗濯 とか します. Put とか after each example.
Which sentence suits formal writing (an exam)?
💡 Hint: とか is spoken language.
In formal writing use や and など — 本や ノートなどを 買いました. とか is only fine in conversation with friends. 本も ノートも means "both", not "things like".
Your score: /3