だけど・だが・ところが (dakedo / daga / tokoroga) — but / however
Levels of "but" — and the "but, to my surprise" when expectation flips.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
Meaning
- Words that contradict the previous sentence, by register: 「でも」(N5, casual) → 「だけど」(casual, a bit stronger) → 「しかし」(written) → 「だが」(written, short and sharp — essays, news).
- All mean "but".
- 「ところが」is special — "but, to my surprise": what happened was the opposite of what was expected: 「早く出た。ところが、電車が止まっていた」= I left early. But the trains had stopped.
Versus what you know
N3Don't confuse it with Lesson 8's 「〜たところ」.
Watch out
After ところが comes an unexpected event, not a deliberate action.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
早く家を出た。ところが、電車が止まっていた。
はやくいえをでた。ところが、でんしゃがとまっていた。
I left home early. But the trains had stopped.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) An expectation (I'll get there on time) → ところが → the exact opposite, an unexpected event.
この店は安い。だが、味はよくない。
このみせはやすい。だが、あじはよくない。
This place is cheap. But the food isn't good.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) One point → だが (written, firm) → an opposing point.
行きたい。だけど、お金がない。
いきたい。だけど、おかねがない。
I want to go. But I've got no money.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) A wish → だけど (conversational) → an obstacle.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
「薬を飲んだ。_、熱は下がらなかった。」— the surprise one?
💡 Hint: Expectation flipped.
ところが = but, unexpectedly.
Which "but" suits an essay best?
💡 Hint: Written, short.
だが/しかし are written; でも/だけど are spoken.
What follows 「ところが」?
💡 Hint: "But, to my surprise!"
An unexpected event, not your own action.
Your score: /3