〜が V / だれが V (~ga V / dare ga V) — Subject with 「が」 / "Who does it?"
Marking the subject with 「が」, and question-word subjects.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
Meaning
- "Who is coming?" — when a question word (だれ, なに, どれ) is the subject it always takes が: だれが来ますか.
- The answer keeps が too, because the answer is new information: ともだちが来ます (My friend is coming).
- Way to remember — は = known thing "as for", が = new / sought-after thing.
How to attach
With くれます: だれがくれましたか (Who gave it?) ──> 母がくれました.
Versus what you know
The same rule as なにがいちばん〜 in Lesson 12.
Watch out
Never は after the question word (だれは ❌).
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
だれが来ますか。
だれがきますか。
Who is coming?
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The question word だれ (who) ──> [ は ❌ ] ──> [ + が ✅ ] ──> だれが ──> [ + 来ますか ] ──> Who is coming?
ともだちが来ます。
ともだちがきます。
My friend is coming.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The answer (new information) ともだち ──> [ + が ✅ ] ──> ともだちが ──> [ + 来ます ] ──> My friend is coming.
だれがこれを買いましたか。
だれがこれをかいましたか。
Who bought this?
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) だれ ──> [ + が ✅ ] ──> だれが ──> [ + これを買いましたか ] ──> Who bought this?
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Which sentence means "who is coming?"
💡 Hint: Question-word subject → が.
When 「だれ」is the subject it always takes 「が」, never 「は」.
Which particle is used when a question word is the subject?
💡 Hint: With 「だれ」, 「なに」.
A question-word subject always uses 「が」.
Which means "who bought this?"
💡 Hint: Subject is 「だれが」.
The buyer is the question-word subject, so 「だれが」.
Your score: /3