〜とみなす (~to minasu) — shall be deemed / treated as ~

Whatever the reality, the rule decides: 'this will be treated as that.'

Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)

N N + とみなす

Verb V普通形 + とみなす

Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)

When to use it

At the end of an email about a company event, an interview or a school meeting you often read: 「期限までに返信がない場合は、欠席とみなします」— 'if we get no reply by the deadline, you will be treated as absent.'
Maybe you really meant to come, but it makes no difference — the rule puts you in the 'absent' box.

Meaning

That is the feeling of 「〜とみなす」: whatever the reality, a rule or organisation decides 'this counts as X', and there is no arguing afterwards.
It appears in visa rules too: overstay your period and you 「不法残留とみなされる」— which is why the passive 「みなされる」is so common in rules and the news.

How to attach

Attach 「とみなす」straight after a noun (欠席とみなす); after a verb use the plain form, usually the た form (同意したとみなす).
After a verb you will see 「〜ものとみなす」(辞退したものとみなす) just as often — same meaning.

Versus what you know

N3「〜と考える／〜と思う」is your own opinion, which may be wrong; 「みなす」is not an opinion but an official decision by someone with authority.

Watch out

The key rule: this is the language of rules and official decisions — you can't use it for your own taste or feelings, like 'this food is tasty'.

Examples (उदाहरणहरू)

期限までに返信がない場合は、欠席とみなします。

きげんまでにへんしんがないばあいは、けっせきとみなします。

If there is no reply by the deadline, you will be treated as absent.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 期限までに返信がない場合は = if no reply comes by the set date → 欠席 = absent (N) → we attach 「とみなします」 = whatever your real intention, you will be treated as absent.

在留期間を過ぎて日本に滞在すると、不法残留とみなされる。

ざいりゅうきかんをすぎてにほんにたいざいすると、ふほうざんりゅうとみなされる。

If you stay in Japan past your period of stay, it is treated as an illegal overstay.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 在留期間を過ぎて = going past your period of stay → 日本に滞在すると = if you stay in Japan → 不法残留 = illegal overstay (N) → 「とみなされる」 (passive) = the rules treat it as that.

「同意する」を押した時点で、利用規約に同意したとみなします。

「どういする」をおしたじてんで、りようきやくにどういしたとみなします。

The moment you press "Agree," you are deemed to have agreed to the terms of use.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 「同意する」を押した時点で = from the moment you press "Agree" → 利用規約に同意した = agreed to the terms (た form) → 「とみなします」= whether you read them or not, you will be treated as having agreed.

Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)

Question: 1/3

「期限までに書類を提出しない場合は、申請を取り下げた＿＿みなします。」— fill the blank.

💡 Hint: 'Count it as ~' — which particle?