Lesson 15
Result (2)
- 1 〜あげく（に） ~ageku (ni) after all that ~, in the end (bad result) Much effort, much time… and then a bad ending. The word of complaint and regret.
- 2 〜末（に） ~sue (ni) after much ~, finally (a decision / result) After long thought or long discussion — finally this decision. Not bad, just 'the end of a long road'.
- 3 〜ずじまいだ ~zujimai da ended up never doing ~ I meant to… but the chance passed and it ended without my ever doing it. A word of quiet regret.
- 4 〜（た）ことにする ~(ta) koto ni suru pretend it (didn't) happen; treat it as Treating what happened as if it never did, or what didn't as if it had — bending the facts to suit yourself.
- 5 〜つもりで ~tsumori de with the mindset of (though not really) Not really so, but acting as if it were — the grit of 'I'll work as if my life depended on it'.
Lesson check
All 5 forms of this lesson together — pick the right one from its look-alikes, the way the exam does. 6/8 completes the lesson.
🔒
「三時間も並んだ＿、チケットは売り切れだった。」— which says 'after all that, a bad ending'?
💡 Hint:Long hardship + a disappointing result.
Vた + あげく = after all that, a bad result. 末に is neutral and mostly for decisions; it lacks the 'what a waste' colour.
「家族とよく話し合った＿、日本で働き続けることに決めた。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:What follows is 'ことに決めた' — a decision.
Vた + 末に = after a long process, finally a decision or result (can be good). あげく is only for bad endings, not a decision.
「今回の帰国では、忙しくて昔の友達に会え＿だった。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:'Ended up never meeting' — regret.
Vず + じまいだった = wanted to but it ended without doing it. たあげく means 'did it, then a bad result', not 'never did it'.
「財布を落としたから、今日おごる話はなかった＿くれる？」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:A request to 'treat it as never having happened'.
Vなかった + ことにする = treat it as not having happened; with てくれる it becomes a request. つもりで only describes one's own mindset and cannot take くれる.
「死んだ＿、あと一か月試験の勉強を頑張ります。」— which says 'with that mindset'?
💡 Hint:Not really, but in that spirit.
Vた + つもりで = not real, but acting in that spirit (one's own mindset). ことにして changes the facts for others — it would mean 'treat me as dead'.
Which sentence is unnatural?
💡 Hint:What kind of result follows あげく?
あげく takes only bad, disappointing endings; for a good result like 'found a good job, happy' use 末に.
Which sentence is unnatural?
💡 Hint:With ずじまい, is there still a chance left?
ずじまい is only for a chance that has already passed; if you will meet next week, say まだ会っていない.
No money to travel; you tell a friend 'let's save that money as if we had gone' — which form?
💡 Hint:た-form + 'in that spirit'.
Vた + つもりで = as if we had already gone (a mindset). 行くつもりで is the N4 'intend to go'; 行ったことにして changes the facts for others and does not express one's own feeling.
Your score: /8