〜に先立って (~ni sakidatte) — prior to / ahead of
Preparation done before a big event — 「開店に先立って」= ahead of the opening.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
When to use it
A tasting before the shop opens (開店に先立って試食会), a briefing for the neighbours before construction starts (工事に先立ち説明会) — this is how news and company notices use it.
Meaning
- 「〜に先立って(さきだって)」= 'before, prior to' — formal.
- One condition: what follows must be preparation for the big event in front.
How to attach
- Usually a noun naming the event comes first (開店・工事・会議); with a verb, dictionary form + に先立って
- Usual form: 「に先立って」
- Written form: 「に先立ち」
- Before a noun: 「に先立つ」— 会議に先立つ準備 = the preparations ahead of the meeting
Versus what you know
N4「〜前に」(「寝る前に歯をみがく」) is simple and always safe; 「〜に先立って」is its formal elder brother.
Watch out
「寝るに先立って歯をみがく」sounds odd — brushing your teeth is not 'preparation' for sleep.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
開店に先立って、試食会が開かれた。
かいてんにさきだって、ししょくかいがひらかれた。
Prior to the opening, a tasting event was held.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 開店 = the big event of a shop opening → 「に先立って」 → then the preparation for it: 試食会.
工事に先立ち、近所の人に説明をした。
こうじにさきだち、きんじょのひとにせつめいをした。
Ahead of the construction, we explained things to the neighbors.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 工事 = construction → the written form 「に先立ち」 → then the preparation work: 説明をした.
会議に先立つ準備を、前の日に終わらせた。
かいぎにさきだつじゅんびを、まえのひにおわらせた。
I finished the pre-meeting preparations the day before.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 会議 → 「に先立つ」, the form that comes before a noun → it links straight to 準備 → 会議に先立つ準備 = the preparations ahead of the meeting.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
「新製品の発売_先立って、説明会を開く。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint: 先立つ always takes the same particle.
N + に先立って. Only に.
「公演に_リハーサル」— which form modifies the noun?
💡 Hint: Dictionary form before a noun.
Before a noun, the dictionary form 「に先立つ」— no 「の」. 公演に先立つリハーサル = the rehearsal before the performance.
What kind of sentence follows 「〜に先立って」?
💡 Hint: Related to the event in front.
What follows is preparation for that very event (試食会・説明会・調査).
Your score: /3