つまり・すなわち (tsumari / sunawachi) — in other words

The same thing in other words — to explain, to sum up, to conclude.

Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)

S1／N1 + 、つまり／すなわち、 + S2／N2

In conversation, 「つまり、〜ということですね？」lets you check you've understood.

「つまり」restates what was just said in simpler words: 「母の兄、つまり私のおじだ」= my mother's brother — in other words, my uncle.
It also sums up or draws a conclusion: 「返事がない。つまり、断るということだ」= no reply. In other words, that's a no.

「すなわち」means the same but is written and formal — reports, essays, law.

母の兄、つまり私のおじが日本にいる。

ははのあに、つまりわたしのおじがにほんにいる。

My mother's brother — in other words, my uncle — is in Japan.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 母の兄 is the first way of saying it → つまり → the same thing in simpler words: 私のおじ.

返事がない。つまり、断るということだ。

へんじがない。つまり、ことわるということだ。

No reply. In other words, that's a no.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) A fact → つまり → the conclusion drawn from it.

つまり、明日は来なくてもいいということですね？

つまり、あしたはこなくてもいいということですね？

So in other words, I don't need to come tomorrow, right?

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) With つまり, you repeat the other person's point in your own words to check you've understood.

Question: 1/3

「父の父、＿私のそふだ。」— fill the blank.

💡 Hint: The same thing restated.