使役受身形 (shiekiukemikei) — Was made to do it
The form for something you did not want to do but were made to do.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Select a verb (विवरण हेर्न क्रिया चयन गर्नुहोस्)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
使役受身形 carries the feeling "I did not want to, but I had to" — 部長に 毎日 残業させられます (the manager makes me work overtime every day and I hate it), 先輩に お酒を 飲まされました (my senior made me drink). It is built straight from the causative: drop せる and put せられる — 行かせる → 行かせられる, 食べさせる → 食べさせられる. **In Group 1 the short form is the common one**: せられ → され, so 行かせられる → 行かされる, 飲ませられる → 飲まされる. In speech you will hear that short form far more. **But there is one exception** — Group 1 verbs whose stem ends in し (します, 話します, 貸します) have no short form, because さ would land twice: 話させられる is right, ✗ 話さされる is wrong. Group 2 and Group 3 have no short form either. The person who made you do it is marked with に: 課長に レポートを 書かせられました. This form is the passive (受身形) of Lesson 12 sitting on top of the causative. Textbooks teach the two separately, but this combination is the one you actually need when you talk about work.
Step-by-step breakdown (चरणबद्ध रूपान्तरण)
- 1 ます form: いきます (Ikimasu)
- 2 drop ます: いき (Iki) き = i-sound
- 3 to the a-sound: いか (Ika) き → か
- 4 add せられる: いか + せられる = いかせられる (Ikaserareru)
- 5 short form: いかされる (Ikasareru) せら → さ
- 1 ます form: はなします (Hanashimasu)
- 2 drop ます: はなし (Hanashi) し = i-sound
- 3 to the a-sound: はなさ (Hanasa) し → さ
- 4 add せられる: はなさ + せられる = はなさせられる (Hanasaserareru)
- 5 no short form: ✗ はなさされる さ twice over
- 1 ます form: たべます (Tabemasu)
- 2 drop ます: たべ (Tabe) no sound change
- 3 the causative: たべ + させる = たべさせる (Tabesaseru)
- 4 せる → せられる: たべさせられる (Tabesaserareru)
- 5 no short form: ✗ たべさされる not in Group 2
- 1 ます form: します (Shimasu)
- 2 the causative: させる (Saseru) irregular
- 3 せる → せられる: させられる (Saserareru)
- 4 at work: ざんぎょうさせられました was made to work late
- 1 ます form: きます (Kimasu)
- 2 the causative: こさせる (Kosaseru) き → こ
- 3 せる → せられる: こさせられる (Kosaserareru)
- 4 in kanji: 来させられる read こさせられる
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3What is the causative-passive of 「書きます」?
💡 Hint: First make 書かせる, then せる → せられる.
書きます → 書か → 書かせる → 書かせられる. The short form 書かされる is also correct.
Which of these short forms is wrong?
💡 Hint: Verbs whose stem ends in し have no short form.
The a-sound of 話します is さ, so shortening would put さ twice. Only 話させられる is right.
Which sentence says "the manager makes me work overtime every day, and I do not want to"?
💡 Hint: させられる is what brings the unwilling feeling.
残業させられます = someone makes me do it, I did not choose it. The person who makes you is marked with に. 残業させます means I make someone else do it, and 頼まれます carries no unwilling feeling.
Your score: /3