使役受身形 (shiekiukemikei) — Was made to do it
The form for something you did not want to do but were made to do.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Select a verb (विवरण हेर्न क्रिया चयन गर्नुहोस्)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
When to use it
The two are usually taught separately, but this combination is the one you actually need when you talk about work.
Meaning
- 使役受身形 carries the feeling "I did not want to, but I had to" — 部長に 毎日 残業させられます (the manager makes me work overtime every day and I hate it), 先輩に お酒を 飲まされました (my senior made me drink).
- This form is the passive (受身形) of Lesson 12 sitting on top of the causative.
How to attach
- It is built straight from the causative: drop せる and put せられる — 行かせる → 行かせられる, 食べさせる → 食べさせられる.
- In Group 1 the short form is the common one: せられ → され, so 行かせられる → 行かされる, 飲ませられる → 飲まされる.
- In speech you will hear that short form far more.
- Group 2 and Group 3 have no short form either.
- The person who made you do it is marked with に: 課長に レポートを 書かせられました.
Watch out
One exception — Group 1 verbs whose stem ends in し (話します, 貸します, 出します) have no short form, because さ would land twice: 話させられる is right, ✗ 話さされる is wrong.
Step-by-step breakdown (चरणबद्ध रूपान्तरण)
- 1 ます form: いきます (Ikimasu)
- 2 drop ます: いき (Iki) き = i-sound
- 3 to the a-sound: いか (Ika) き → か
- 4 add せられる: いか + せられる = いかせられる (Ikaserareru)
- 5 short form: いかされる (Ikasareru) せら → さ
- 1 ます form: はなします (Hanashimasu)
- 2 drop ます: はなし (Hanashi) し = i-sound
- 3 to the a-sound: はなさ (Hanasa) し → さ
- 4 add せられる: はなさ + せられる = はなさせられる (Hanasaserareru)
- 5 no short form: ✗ はなさされる さ twice over
- 1 ます form: たべます (Tabemasu)
- 2 drop ます: たべ (Tabe) no sound change
- 3 the causative: たべ + させる = たべさせる (Tabesaseru)
- 4 せる → せられる: たべさせられる (Tabesaserareru)
- 5 no short form: ✗ たべさされる not in Group 2
- 1 ます form: します (Shimasu)
- 2 the causative: させる (Saseru) irregular
- 3 せる → せられる: させられる (Saserareru)
- 4 at work: ざんぎょうさせられました was made to work late
- 1 ます form: きます (Kimasu)
- 2 the causative: こさせる (Kosaseru) き → こ
- 3 せる → せられる: こさせられる (Kosaserareru)
- 4 in kanji: 来させられる read こさせられる
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
What is the causative-passive of 「書きます」?
💡 Hint: First make 書かせる, then せる → せられる.
書きます → 書か → 書かせる → 書かせられる. The short form 書かされる is also correct.
Which of these short forms is wrong?
💡 Hint: Verbs whose stem ends in し have no short form.
The a-sound of 話します is さ, so shortening would put さ twice. Only 話させられる is right.
Which sentence says "the manager makes me work overtime every day, and I do not want to"?
💡 Hint: させられる is what brings the unwilling feeling.
残業させられます = someone makes me do it, I did not choose it. The person who makes you is marked with に. 残業させます means I make someone else do it, and 頼まれます carries no unwilling feeling.
Your score: /3