他動詞 + て あります（状態） (tadoushi + te arimasu (joutai)) — A state someone made on purpose
Someone did it for a reason, and that state is still there now.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
When 「〜て あります」goes with a **他動詞** it means someone did it on purpose and left it that way. 窓が 開けて あります = somebody opened the window and is keeping it open for a reason. The big rule is the particle: を drops and **が** comes instead (or は if it is the topic). 窓を 開けて あります is wrong. Line it up with 自動詞 + て います from Lesson 4: 窓が 開いて います = the window is open, with no hint of who or why. 窓が 開けて あります = someone opened it deliberately. You never name the doer, but the feeling that a person did it stays. That is why this is the form for saying a preparation is already done.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
窓が 開けて あります。
mado ga akete arimasu.
The window has been left open on purpose.
机の 上に メモが 書いて あります。
tsukue no ue ni memo ga kaite arimasu.
There is a note written on the desk.
お茶は 冷蔵庫に 入れて あります。
ocha wa reizouko ni irete arimasu.
The tea has been put in the fridge.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3Which sentence says someone opened the window on purpose and left it that way?
💡 Hint: Look for a 他動詞 with て あります.
The 他動詞 開ける with て あります = a state someone set up for a reason. 「窓が 開いて います」 is just the window being open, with no one behind it.
「電気 つけて あります」— what goes in the blank?
💡 Hint: を drops in てあります.
In 〜て あります, を drops and が takes its place. 電気を つけて あります is wrong.
Which sentence uses 〜て あります correctly?
💡 Hint: 〜て あります needs a verb a person does to something — a 他動詞.
閉める is a 他動詞, so 「ドアが 閉めて あります」 is right. 閉まる and 開く are 自動詞 — they take 〜て います instead: 「ドアが 閉まって います」.
Your score: /3