辞書形 (jisho-kei) — dictionary form
The plain base form of a verb.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Select a verb (विवरण हेर्न क्रिया चयन गर्नुहोस्)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
The dictionary (plain) form is the base verb you find in a dictionary. From the ます form: for a ru-verb, drop ます and add る (食べます→食べる); for a u-verb, drop ます and shift the leftover i-row kana to its u-row partner (書きます→書く, ki→ku). Irregulars: します→する, 来ます→来る.
Step-by-step breakdown (चरणबद्ध रूपान्तरण)
- 1 Start form: たべます (tabemasu)
- 2 drop masu: たべ (tabe)
- 3 add ru: たべ + る = たべる it's a ru-verb
- 1 Start form: かきます (kakimasu)
- 2 drop masu: かき (kaki) ends in the i-row
- 3 i-row → u-row: かき → かく (kaku) change ki to ku
- 1 Start form: のみます (nomimasu)
- 2 drop masu: のみ (nomi)
- 3 mi → mu (u-row): のみ → のむ (nomu)
- 1 Start form: します (shimasu)
- 2 irregular: します → する (suru)
- 3 the other irregular: きます → くる (kuru) 来ます → 来る
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3What is the dictionary form of 「書きます」?
💡 Hint: u-verb: ki → its u-row partner.
Drop ます to get 書き, then shift ki to ku → 書く.
What is the dictionary form of 「食べます」?
💡 Hint: This is a ru-verb.
For a ru-verb, drop ます and add る: 食べ + る = 食べる.
What is the dictionary form of 「します」?
💡 Hint: This is an irregular verb.
します is irregular and its dictionary form is する.
Your score: /3