Nができます (N ga dekimasu) — can do N
Stating a skill or ability.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
When to use it
"I can speak Japanese", "I can cook" — when you say you have a skill.
Meaning
- Noun + ができます. できます = "can / is possible".
- Negative: できません (cannot).
Versus what you know
It is the same rule as 好き／わかります in Lesson 9 — できます is not an "action" verb but a "state of being able", hence が.
Watch out
The thing you can do takes が, never を ✅: 日本語ができます (日本語をできます ❌).
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
日本語ができます。
にほんごができます。
I can speak Japanese.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 日本語 ──> a thing you can do ➔ [ を ❌ ] [ + が ✅ ] ──> 日本語が ──> [ + できます ] ──> 日本語ができます (I know Japanese).
りょうりができます。
ryouri ga dekimasu.
I can cook.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) りょうり (cooking) ──> [ + が ✅ ] ──> りょうりが ──> [ + できます ] ──> I can cook.
スポーツができます。
supootsu ga dekimasu.
I can play sports.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) スポーツ ──> [ + が ✅ ] ──> スポーツが ──> [ + できます ] ──> I can play sports.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
「I can speak Japanese」— which is correct?
💡 Hint: できます takes が before it.
The thing you can do takes が, not を: 日本語ができます.
「りょうり___できます」— which fills the blank?
💡 Hint: The particle that pairs with できます.
できます always comes with が: りょうりができます.
「I can play sports」— which is correct?
💡 Hint: "can do" = できます.
スポーツができます = can play sports. をします only means "do," not "can."
Your score: /3