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    〜上は (~ue wa) — now that (with firm resolve)

    'Having done this, there is no turning back' — 「引き受けた上は、最後まで責任を持つ」(having accepted, I will be responsible to the end).

    Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)

    Verb V辞書形/Vた + 上は

    Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)

    When to use it

    • In a speech or in writing, announcing a firm decision: 「リーダーを引き受けた上は、最後まで責任を持たなければならない」.
    • The old phrase 「かくなる上は…」(now that it has come to this…) is this same form.

    Meaning

    「〜上は」= like 「からには」「以上(は)」— 'now that this is so, naturally I must' — but the most formal, written and iron-willed.

    How to attach

    Only on a verb's dictionary or た-form: 引き受けた上は・こうなった上は

    Versus what you know

    「からには」is the everyday spoken one; 「以上(は)」is more serious; 「上は」is the most formal.

    Watch out

    • It does not attach to nouns or adjectives — only a verb's dictionary or た-form.
    • No plain description or finished event afterwards — only decision, duty or resolve.

    Examples (उदाहरणहरू)

    リーダーを引き受けた上は、最後まで責任を持たなければならない。

    リーダーをひきうけたうえは、さいごまでせきにんをもたなければならない。

    Having accepted the role of leader, I must carry the responsibility to the end.

    How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 引き受けた = I accepted (Vた) → 「上は」, the most formal one → then the duty: 〜なければならない.

    会社を辞めると決めた上は、もう迷わない。

    かいしゃをやめるときめたうえは、もうまよわない。

    Now that I have decided to quit the company, I won't waver anymore.

    How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) 決めた = I decided (Vた) → 「上は」 = now that I've done it → then firm resolve: もう迷わない.

    こうなった上は、自分の力でやるしかない。

    こうなったうえは、じぶんのちからでやるしかない。

    Now that it has come to this, I have no choice but to do it on my own.

    How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) こうなった = it has come to this (Vた) → 「上は」 → then "this is the only way now": やるしかない (today's version of the old 「かくなる上は」).

    Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)

    Question: 1/3

    Which of the three is the most formal, written form?

    💡 Hint: かくなる〜…

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