Bonus: Single-Source Minor Forms

「説明会は三階の会議室＿行います。」(company notice) — fill the blank.

💡 Hint:The formal 'at (place)' of written notices.

N にて = the stiff written 「で」 for a place. によって marks a basis or cause, not a location.

「スマホの地図＿、初めての市役所まで行った。」— which says 'relying on that alone'?

💡 Hint:Clinging to one support and going forward.

N を頼りに = relying on that one support (without the map I'd be lost). によって is a factual basis, not personal reliance.

「彼は詐欺事件＿、警察に呼ばれた。」— which says 'involved in the case'?

💡 Hint:Being tied up in a serious incident.

N にかかわって = involved in it. にかかわらず is the exact opposite ('regardless of') — the 「らず」 flips the meaning.

Which sentence is unnatural?

💡 Hint:Which jobs of 「で」 can にて do?

にて covers only place and means; a cause like 風邪で never takes にて. The other three are place, means and a letter sign-off.

「薬の量を間違えると、命＿こともある。」— which says 'it can cost a life'?

💡 Hint:'Affecting' something vital.

N にかかわる = affecting something vital like 命 or 誇り. に関する only means 'about', with no sense of 'affecting'.

Which sentence is unnatural?

💡 Hint:What kind of topic does にかかわる take?

にかかわる takes only serious matters (誇り・命・事件); for a light topic like 昼ご飯 it is plain について.

Texting a friend on LINE — how do you write 'waiting at the station'?

💡 Hint:Everyday matter, with a friend.

にて・において are stiff written forms for notices; with a friend it is plain 「で」. によって does not mark a place.

Just arrived in Japan, your senior's advice was your only support — how do you say 'I learned the job' with that feeling?

💡 Hint:The feeling of 'I couldn't have done it without this'.

を頼りに = I got through clinging to that one support, feeling included. で states only the means; をもとに means 'built something new on it'.