V て-form + くださいます／いただきます／さしあげます (V-te kudasaimasu / itadakimasu / sashiagemasu) — Giving and receiving actions — kindly did it for me
Not a thing but a favour — showing who did something for whom.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
Put those same three verbs after a て form and they show a favour done as an action. 教えて くださいました = "the teacher kindly taught me" — here the higher person is the subject (先生が). 教えて いただきました = the same event, but with me as the subject (私は 先生に). 手伝って さしあげました = I humbly helped a higher person — and, following the warning in point 3, do not say this to your boss. The particles follow the same rule as before: with くださいます the giver takes が, with いただきます the giver takes に. At work the most common way to say thank you is 「〜て いただき、ありがとうございます」. Which to pick? If the favour came from above toward me, くださいます／いただきます; if it went from me upward, さしあげます.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
先生が 日本語を 教えて くださいました。
sensei ga nihongo o oshiete kudasaimashita.
My teacher kindly taught me Japanese.
部長に 書類を 見て いただきました。
buchou ni shorui o mite itadakimashita.
I had the department manager look over the documents for me.
田中さんは 部長を 駅まで 送って さしあげました。
tanaka san wa buchou o eki made okutte sashiagemashita.
Tanaka took the department manager to the station for him.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3Fill the blank: 「先生が 日本語を 教えて ___」
💡 Hint: 先生が — the higher person is the subject.
Because the subject is the higher person, it takes くださいました.
Same event with me as the subject: 「私は 先生に 日本語を 教えて ___」
💡 Hint: 私は… に — I am the one receiving.
With me as the subject it becomes いただきました. Same event, different viewpoint.
Which is the most common way to say thank you at work?
💡 Hint: I am the one who received the favour.
「〜て いただき、ありがとうございます」is heard every day in an office.
Your score: /3