尊敬語の 特別な 動詞 (sonkeigo no tokubetsu na doushi) — The special respectful verbs
For some verbs, the respectful form is a completely different word.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
The most common verbs do not take れます or お〜に なります — they have their own special word, and these five are heard every single day at work. **行く・来る・いる → いらっしゃいます**, **食べる・飲む → めしあがります**, **見る → ごらんに なります**, **する → なさいます**, **言う → おっしゃいます**. Note that いらっしゃいます covers three verbs at once — the sentence shows which one you mean (へ いらっしゃいます = go/come, に いらっしゃいます = be somewhere). Memorise these in the ます form; the negatives are いらっしゃいません and おっしゃいません. Building a れます form for a verb that has a special word sounds odd, so learn these by heart.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
店長は 今 いらっしゃいません。
tenchou wa ima irasshaimasen.
The store manager is not here right now.
何を めしあがりますか。
nani o meshiagarimasu ka.
What will you have?
お名前は 何と おっしゃいますか。
onamae wa nan to osshaimasu ka.
May I ask your name?
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3Which is the respectful form of 「食べます・飲みます」?
💡 Hint: The word you use when asking a customer.
めしあがります is 尊敬語. いただきます is the humble word for your own eating.
「お名前は 何と ____か。」— which is right?
💡 Hint: The respectful form of 言う.
おっしゃいます is the 尊敬語 of 言う. 申します is for saying your own name.
Which is the respectful form of 「見ます」?
💡 Hint: The お〜に なります pattern does not work here.
見ます → ごらんに なります. You hear it in shops, as in こちらを ごらんに なって ください.
Your score: /3