[普通形] + 名詞 ([futsuukei] + meishi) — clause + noun (that describes it)
Describe a noun by putting a whole clause in front of it.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
In Japanese, the clause that describes a noun comes BEFORE the noun, not after it as in English or Nepali. The verb in that clause is always in plain form (dictionary or た form), never です/ます. For example 「きのう買った本」 = the book I bought yesterday.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
きのう買った本はおもしろいです。
kinou katta hon wa omoshiroi desu.
The book I bought yesterday is interesting.
日本語を話す人は先生です。
nihongo o hanasu hito wa sensei desu.
The person who speaks Japanese is a teacher.
これは母がつくったケーキです。
kore wa haha ga tsukutta keeki desu.
This is the cake my mother made.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3How do you write "the book I bought yesterday"?
💡 Hint: The describing clause comes before the noun.
The plain past 買った sits directly before the noun 本.
Which is correct for "the person who speaks Japanese"?
💡 Hint: Plain-form verb, then the noun.
話す (plain) precedes 人; the polite 話します is not used inside the clause.
Fill the blank: これは母___つくったケーキです。
💡 Hint: Which particle marks the subject inside the clause?
Inside a modifying clause the subject is marked with が, not は.
Your score: /3