N1は N2に よって + 受身形 (N1 wa N2 ni yotte + ukemikei) — Naming the maker or creator
When you name the person who made or discovered it, use に よって.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
When a thing is the subject and you want to name who made it, use に よって: この 絵は ピカソに よって かかれました. It goes with verbs like making, writing, discovering and inventing (つくります、かきます、発明します、発見します). Plain に is also heard, but によって makes it clear that this person is the creator, and it is the standard in formal writing. For materials use から and で: から when the material changed so much that you cannot see it any more (ワインは ぶどうから つくられます), で when the material is still visible (この つくえは 木で つくられて います). Short rule — changed, use から; still visible, use で.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
この 絵は ピカソに よって かかれました。
kono e wa pikaso ni yotte kakaremashita.
This picture was painted by Picasso.
電話は ベルに よって 発明されました。
denwa wa beru ni yotte hatsumei saremashita.
The telephone was invented by Bell.
ワインは ぶどうから つくられます。
wain wa budou kara tsukuraremasu.
Wine is made from grapes.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3「この 本は 村上さん 書かれました」— what goes in the blank?
💡 Hint: The person who wrote it is named.
When the maker or writer is named, use に よって.
「この いすは 木 つくられて います」— which is correct?
💡 Hint: The wood is still visible as wood.
When the material is still visible, use で. When it has changed beyond recognition, use から.
「紙は 木 つくられます」— which is correct?
💡 Hint: Looking at paper, you cannot see the wood.
The wood changes completely into paper, so から. But 木で つくられた いす has a material you can still see.
Your score: /3