い-adj 〜く / な-adj・N 〜に + します (i-adj ~ku / na-adj, N ~ni + shimasu) — Making something turn out that way
A person deliberately changes the state of something — it did not change on its own.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
This pattern says that someone made something turn out a certain way. With an い-adjective, い → く (小さい → 小さく); with a な-adjective or a noun, add に (きれい → きれいに, 半分 → 半分に); then します. The thing being changed takes を: 音を 小さく します. Now keep it apart from なります — 音が 小さく なりました means the sound got quieter by itself, while 音を 小さく しました means I turned it down. This is exactly the 自動詞/他動詞 idea from N4 Lesson 4: なります sits on the が side, します on the を side. Which to pick? Use します when there is a doer, and なります when it happened on its own.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
音を 小さく して ください。
oto o chiisaku shite kudasai.
Please turn the sound down.
部屋を きれいに しました。
heya o kirei ni shimashita.
I made the room clean.
髪を 短く しました。
kami o mijikaku shimashita.
I had my hair cut short.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3「音 小さく します」— what goes in the blank?
💡 Hint: There is a doer — someone is changing it.
します takes を. With が you would need なります: 音が 小さく なります.
Which one says "I will make the room clean"?
💡 Hint: きれい is a な-adjective.
な-adjectives take に: きれいに します. く belongs to い-adjectives.
Which says "the TV sound got quieter by itself"?
💡 Hint: Something that happens by itself = が + なります.
The 自動詞 side is が + なります; the 他動詞 side is を + します.
Your score: /3