V て しまいました（後悔） (V-te shimaimashita (koukai)) — Oh no — it happened by accident
The same form, but here it carries regret — "oh no".
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
The same 「〜て しまいました」also carries **regret** — something you did not mean to happen did, and you cannot undo it. パスポートを なくして しまいました = "I have lost my passport" (oh no!). How do you tell the two apart? The verb tells you. With verbs for bad things — なくす, 忘れる, 壊す, 遅れる — it is regret. With ordinary actions like 読む, やる it is completion. With 全部 or もう it is usually completion. This is the form you use when apologising, so it is very useful at work.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
パスポートを なくして しまいました。
pasupooto o nakushite shimaimashita.
I have lost my passport.
電車に 傘を 忘れて しまいました。
densha ni kasa o wasurete shimaimashita.
I left my umbrella on the train.
友達の カメラを 壊して しまいました。
tomodachi no kamera o kowashite shimaimashita.
I broke my friend’s camera.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3Which sentence says the wallet was lost and also shows regret?
💡 Hint: なくす is a bad thing — what happens when しまいました is added to it?
With a bad thing like なくす, 〜て しまいました adds the feeling of it happening and you feeling bad. 「財布を なくしました」 states only the fact.
In which sentence does しまいました show regret, not just finishing?
💡 Hint: Look at whether the verb itself is a good thing or a bad thing.
壊す is a bad thing, so it reads as regret. With good things like homework, a book or work, しまいました just means it is all finished.
Which shows regret for "I missed the train"?
💡 Hint: It already happened — 〜ました.
遅れる is a bad thing, and in the past しまいました shows regret.
Your score: /3