Lesson 4
Resulting States, Completion & 自他動詞
- 1 自動詞 と 他動詞 jidoushi to tadoushi Verbs that happen by themselves, and verbs someone does Just like खुल्नु / खोल्नु in Nepali — Japanese has the same pairs.
- 2 自他動詞の ペア jitadoushi no pea The pairs you meet most often Learn these pairs first — the rest come on their own later.
- 3 職場の 表示と 自他動詞 shokuba no hyouji to jitadoushi 自他動詞 on signs at work This is not just grammar — it is the safety notice stuck on the machine.
- 4 自動詞 + て います（状態） jidoushi + te imasu (joutai) A state that happened and still holds The change already happened, and you can still see the result now.
- 5 V て しまいます（完了） V-te shimaimasu (kanryou) To finish completely The emphasis that a job is done completely, right to the end.
- 6 V て しまいました（後悔） V-te shimaimashita (koukai) Oh no — it happened by accident The same form, but here it carries regret — "oh no".
- 7 ありました arimashita Found it! / there it was When you find what you were looking for, Japanese uses the past tense.
- 8 どこかで / どこかに dokoka de / dokoka ni Somewhere (with a particle) After 何か・どこか・だれか, sometimes you need a particle and sometimes you do not.