Grow with Kitty

〜てはいけません (-te wa ikemasen) — must not do

Expressing prohibition.

Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)

Verb Vて + はいけません

Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)

When to use it

You see it a lot in rules, warnings and signs: ここでたばこをすってはいけません (No smoking here).

Meaning

A firm prohibition — "must not": て-form + はいけません: 食べる ──> 食べて ──> 食べてはいけません (you must not eat).

How to attach

The は here is the topic-は of Lesson 1, so it is read "wa" (tabete wa ikemasen).

Versus what you know

てもいいです (may) and てはいけません (must not) are a pair built on the same て-form.

Watch out

  • It sounds strict — it is for rules and signs.
  • Don't say it directly to a boss, an older person or a customer; there 「ご遠慮ください」 (please refrain) is used.

Examples (उदाहरणहरू)

ここで食べてはいけません。

ここでたべてはいけません。

You must not eat here.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) ここで ──> 食べる ──> [ - ❌ る ] [ + て ] ──> 食べて ──> [ + はいけません ] ──> ここで食べてはいけません (you must not eat here).

この水を飲んではいけません。

このみずをのんではいけません。

You must not drink this water.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) この水を ──> 飲む (む ➔ んで) ──> 飲んで ──> [ + はいけません ] ──> この水を飲んではいけません (you must not drink this water).

ここでたばこをすってはいけません。

koko de tabako o sutte wa ikemasen.

You must not smoke here.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) ここでたばこを ──> すう (う ➔ って) ──> すって ──> [ + はいけません ] ──> すってはいけません (you must not smoke).

Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)

Question: 1/3

Which sentence means "You must not take photos here"?

💡 Hint: Prohibition uses 「~te wa ikemasen」.

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