〜が（文の中） (~ ga (inside a clause)) — subject が inside a clause
The doer inside a clause takes が.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
Inside a subordinate clause (before とき, と, or a noun it modifies), the clause's own subject takes が, not は. は marks the whole sentence's topic; the little clause's subject is が. E.g. ともだちが来るとき (when my friend comes), 雨がふると (when it rains).
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
ともだちが来るとき、へやをそうじします。
tomodachi ga kuru toki, heya o souji shimasu.
When my friend comes, I clean the room.
先生が話すとき、みんな聞きます。
sensei ga hanasu toki, minna kikimasu.
When the teacher speaks, everyone listens.
雨がふると、みちがぬれます。
ame ga furu to, michi ga nuremasu.
When it rains, the road gets wet.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3'When my friend comes' — which particle on the clause subject?
💡 Hint: The subject inside the clause takes が.
Inside the とき-clause use ともだちが, not は.
'When the teacher speaks, everyone listens' — which is correct?
💡 Hint: The one speaking (先生) takes が.
The clause subject → が: 先生が話すとき.
'When it rains, the road gets wet' — which is right?
💡 Hint: Inside a と-clause the subject also takes が.
雨がふると = when it rains; the subject takes が.
Your score: /3