Grow with Kitty

〜とき(形容詞・名詞) (~ toki (adjectives & nouns)) — when ~ (with adjectives & nouns)

‘When’ for a state or status.

Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)

い-adj い-adj (〜い) + とき
な-adj な-adj + な + とき
N N + の + とき

Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)

Meaning

とき also joins to adjectives and nouns — because とき is itself a noun (time), it follows the "describe before the noun" rule of Lesson 22.

How to attach

  • い-adjective directly: さむいとき (when it is cold)
  • な-adjective + な: ひまなとき (when I am free)
  • noun + の: こどものとき (when I was a child, Lesson 21)

Watch out

trap: な-adjectiveきれい/ゆうめい/しんせつ ➔ with な (げんきなとき).

Examples (उदाहरणहरू)

さむいとき、あついおちゃをのみます。

samui toki, atsui ocha o nomimasu.

When it's cold, I drink hot tea.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The い-adj さむい ──> [ nothing in between ] ──> [ + とき ] ──> さむいとき (when it's cold) ──> [ + 、あついおちゃをのみます ] ──> I drink hot tea.

ひまなとき、えいがを見ます。

ひまなとき、えいがをみます。

When I'm free, I watch a movie.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The な-adj ひま ──> [ + な ✅ ] ──> [ + とき ] ──> ひまなとき (when I'm free) ──> [ + 、えいがを見ます ] ──> I watch a movie.

こどものとき、よくおよぎました。

kodomo no toki, yoku oyogimashita.

When I was a child, I often swam.

How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The noun こども ──> [ + の ✅ ] ──> [ + とき ] ──> こどものとき (when I was a child) ──> [ + 、よくおよぎました ] ──> I often swam.

Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)

Question: 1/3

Which is correct for 'when it's cold'?

💡 Hint: An い-adjective attaches straight to とき.

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