〜とき（動詞） (~ toki (verbs)) — when ~ (with verbs)
Saying at what time an action happens.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
「〜とき」 means ‘when / at the time of’. The verb joins in plain form, never ます. Dictionary form (行くとき) = at/before the action; た-form (行ったとき) = after it is done; ない-form (行かないとき) = when not doing it. The final verb sets the overall tense.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
日本へ行くとき、かばんをかいます。
nihon e iku toki, kaban o kaimasu.
When I go to Japan, I buy a bag.
日本へ行ったとき、すしを食べました。
nihon e itta toki, sushi o tabemashita.
When I went to Japan, I ate sushi.
日本語がわからないとき、先生に聞きます。
nihongo ga wakaranai toki, sensei ni kikimasu.
When I don't understand Japanese, I ask the teacher.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Question: 1/3To say 'when I go to Japan', which form comes before とき?
💡 Hint: Plain/dictionary form goes before とき.
No ます before とき — use the dictionary form 行く.
'When I had eaten (after eating)' — which is right?
💡 Hint: A completed action → た-form + とき.
食べたとき marks the time after eating is finished.
How do you say 'when I don't understand'?
💡 Hint: For 'not doing', use ない-form + とき.
わからないとき = when one doesn't understand.
Your score: /3