上・下・前・後ろ… (ue, shita, mae, ushiro…) — position words
Direction and position words that show where something is.
Formula (सूत्र ढाँचा)
Grammar rule (व्याकरण नियम र परिभाषा)
Meaning
- To say exactly where something is you need position words:
- 上 (うえ, on / above), 下 (した, under), 前 (まえ, in front), 後ろ (うしろ, behind), 中 (なか, inside), 外 (そと, outside)
- 右 (みぎ, right), 左 (ひだり, left), となり (next to), 近く (ちかく, near)
How to attach
- Join them to the reference object with の to make a place, then add に: つくえの上に (on the desk), いえの前に (in front of the house).
- The order matches Nepali "टेबलको माथि" exactly.
Examples (उदाहरणहरू)
つくえの 上に 本が あります。
つくえの うえに ほんが あります。
There is a book on the desk.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The reference point つくえ (desk) ──> [ + の ] ──> [ + 上 (on top) ] ──> つくえの上 ──> [ + に ✅ ] ──> [ + 本があります ] ──> There is a book on the desk.
いえの 前に 車が あります。
いえの まえに くるまが あります。
There is a car in front of the house.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) The reference point いえ (house) ──> [ + の ] ──> [ + 前 (in front) ] ──> いえの前 ──> [ + に ✅ ] ──> [ + 車があります ] ──> There is a car in front of the house.
ぎんこうは コンビニの となりに あります。
ginkou wa konbini no tonari ni arimasu.
The bank is next to the convenience store.
How it is built (कसरी बन्यो) ぎんこうは ──> the reference point コンビニ ──> [ + の ] ──> [ + となり (next to) ] ──> コンビニのとなり ──> [ + に ✅ ] ──> [ + あります ] ──> The bank is next to the convenience store.
Knowledge check (मिनी ज्ञान जाँच)
Which sentence means 'The book is on top of the desk'?
💡 Hint: 上 (ue) is above, 下 (shita) is below.
つくえの 上 = on top of the desk. 下 = below, 中 = inside, 前 = in front.
Fill: いえの ＿に 車が あります。('There is a car in front of the house')
💡 Hint: In front.
前 (mae) = in front.
'The bank is next to the store' — which word is 'next to'?
💡 Hint: Neighbor/beside.
となり = next to.
Your score: /3