Lesson 10
Existence & Location
- 1 〜に 〜が あります ~ ni ~ ga arimasu there is (a thing) The basic way to say an inanimate thing exists in a place.
- 2 〜に 〜が います ~ ni ~ ga imasu there is (a person/animal) The way to say a living thing — a person or animal — exists in a place.
- 3 N は 〜に あります N wa ~ ni arimasu N is located at Saying where a known inanimate thing is located.
- 4 N は 〜に います N wa ~ ni imasu N is located at Saying where a known person or animal is located.
- 5 上・下・前・後ろ… ue, shita, mae, ushiro… position words Direction and position words that show where something is.
- 6 N1 の N2 (स्थान) N1 no N2 N1's N2 (position) の joins a noun to a position word to make 'on top of / under…'.
- 7 N や N N ya N things such as A and B Lists examples, implying 'and others too'.
- 8 〜ですか (पुष्टि) ~ desu ka confirming (…, right?) Adding か to check or confirm something.
- 9 〜ありませんか ~ arimasen ka isn't there…? / do you have…? A polite, indirect way to ask whether something exists.