Lesson 25
Bonus C — Adverbs & Written Style
- 1 今にも〜そうだ ima ni mo ~sou da any moment now "Looks like it'll rain any second" — the sign that it's about to happen.
- 2 次第に・そのうち〜ようになる shidai ni / sono uchi ~you ni naru gradually / before long "You'll get used to it gradually", "before long you'll manage" — change over time.
- 3 どうやら〜らしい／ようだ douyara ~rashii / you da it seems, from the look of things Piecing the clues together — "it does seem that way".
- 4 〜ずにはいられない ~zu ni wa irarenai can't help but You try to hold back, but you can't — the feeling bursts out.
- 5 どうしても・なるべく・むしろ・かえって doushitemo / narubeku / mushiro / kaette key N3 adverbs Ten adverbs on one page — each with its own partner and feel.
- 6 ただ・ただし tada / tadashi only… / provided that Agreed — but one small thing: adding a condition or exception.
- 7 一方・それに対して〔接続〕 ippou / sore ni taishite on the other hand / in contrast Two sentences, two sides — "The city is this. On the other hand, the country is that."
- 8 〜ます、〜ます／〜くも、〜くも ~masu, ~masu / ~ku mo, ~ku mo formal listing style The refined way to list actions in speeches and writing — without て-forms.
- 9 〜を…に(して) ~o ...ni (shite) with ~ as "Studying with passing as my goal" — setting a goal, centre or basis.
Lesson check
All 9 forms of this lesson together — pick the right one from its look-alikes, the way the exam does. 6/8 completes the lesson.
🔒
「空がとても暗い。＿雨が降りそうだ。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:About to happen this very moment.
今にも〜そうだ = looks like it'll … any second. 次第に is for gradual change and doesn't fit here.
「日本に来て1年。＿日本語が分かるようになってきた。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:A change that came slowly over a year.
次第に〜ようになる = gradually came to …. 今にも is about the next instant, not a year's change.
「部屋の電気が消えている。＿、田中さんはもう帰ったようだ。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:A guess from a clue — the lights are off.
どうやら〜ようだ = from the look of things. なるべく ("as much as possible") is for requests, and わざわざ means going out of your way.
「家族のことを思うと、心配＿。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:する is the exception here.
Vない-stem + ずにはいられない = can't help doing; する alone becomes せず — there is no しず. しようとしない ("won't even try") and しそうもない ("unlikely to") make no sense after 家族のことを思うと.
「薬を飲んだら、＿悪くなってしまった。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:You expected it to help; the opposite happened.
かえって = on the contrary — worse than expected. まさか expresses disbelief (まさか〜ないだろう), and なるべく goes with requests.
「この部屋は自由に使えます。＿、夜10時までに出てください。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:After an OK, one more thing is added.
ただし = provided that — adding a condition. 一方 and それに対して compare two different sides.
「都会は便利だ。＿、田舎は静かで空気がきれいだ。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:Two places, two sides.
一方 = on the other hand, comparing two things. ただし adds a condition to the same matter; it doesn't compare.
Which sentence is unnatural?
💡 Hint:What kind of ending does まさか need?
まさか needs a negative ending such as 〜ないだろう (まさか遅れないだろう). The other three are correct listing and を…にして sentences.
Your score: /8