Lesson 4
Range: Extent, Limit, Only
- 1 〜にわたって ~ni watatte over the whole extent of (time / space / field) Over the whole of a span of time, space or field — 「3日間にわたって」= over three whole days.
- 2 〜を通じて ~o tsūjite throughout / through (via) Throughout a whole period, or by way of a go-between — 「一年を通じて」= all year round, 「友人を通じて」= through a friend.
- 3 〜を通して ~o tōshite through (via) / throughout By way of something in between, or across a whole period — 「ボランティアを通して友達ができた」= I made friends through volunteering.
- 4 〜限り ~kagiri as long as / as far as (I know) 「限り」= limit — 「日本にいる限り」= as long as I am in Japan; three uses: 'to the full', 'as long as', 'as far as I know'.
- 5 〜に限り ~ni kagiri only (for), as a special case The formal 'only' of notices — 「本日に限り2割引」= 20% off, today only.
- 6 〜に限って ~ni kagitte of all times / of all people The 'why exactly then!' complaint — 「急いでいるときに限って、バスが来ない」= the bus never comes exactly when I'm in a hurry.
- 7 〜に限らず ~ni kagirazu not only / not limited to 'Not just this, others too' — 「週末に限らず、平日も込んでいる」= crowded not just at weekends but on weekdays too.
- 8 〜だけ（〜だけ〜てみる） ~dake (~dake ~te miru) as much as one can / at least give it a try The N5 「だけ」(only) also says 'as much as you can' and 'at least give it a try' — 「食べられるだけ食べよう」= let's eat as much as we can.
- 9 〜だけあって ~dake atte just as you'd expect of Praise meaning 'given that, of course it's like this' — 「有名な店だけあって、おいしい」= a famous shop, so of course it's good.
- 10 〜だけに ~dake ni precisely because / all the more because 'Precisely because it is so' — 「安いだけに、すぐ壊れた」= being cheap, it broke quickly.
Lesson check
All 10 forms of this lesson together — pick the right one from its look-alikes, the way the exam does. 6/8 completes the lesson.
🔒
「台風の影響で、九州は広い範囲＿停電が続いた。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:A wide area, 'the whole of it', no corner left out.
N (extent) + にわたって = across the whole of that range, followed by 続く. を通じて takes only a time span or an intermediary, never a spatial extent.
「私は先輩＿今のアルバイトを紹介してもらった。」— fill the blank.
💡 Hint:A person standing in between — 'via'.
N (person) + を通じて = via that person. に限り means 'only for', not 'through'; にわたって needs a wide span of time or space.
「日本に住んでいる＿、日本語の勉強はやめられない。」— which says 'as long as this holds'?
💡 Hint:If the condition goes, so does the result.
Vている + 限り = as long as this condition holds. に限り and を通じて attach only to nouns; だけあって needs praise after it.
「急いでいる日＿、電車が遅れる。」— which gives the complaint 'why that day of all days'?
💡 Hint:The spoken feeling of bad luck striking.
N + に限って = 'on that day of all days', emotional and spoken. に限り is the formal 'only' of notices and cannot carry a complaint.
Which sentence is unnatural?
💡 Hint:What may not follow だけあって?
だけあって is followed by an observed high evaluation, never a guess like 〜だろう. だけに also works for bad outcomes, so 安いだけに is fine.
Which sentence is unnatural?
💡 Hint:限り is conditional — which tense cannot follow it?
Conditional 〜限り cannot take a past tense after it; it must be 食べられる. 限りでは means 'as far as I checked', where past (なかった) is fine.
A shop notice says formally 'today only, all items 20% off' — what follows 本日?
💡 Hint:だけ wearing a suit.
N + に限り = 'only for N, specially' — the formal language of notices. に限って is the spoken 'that day of all days' and does not belong on a notice.
Not sure the manager will agree — how do you tell a friend 'let's at least try asking'?
💡 Hint:The same verb twice + てみる.
Dictionary form + だけ + same verb + てみる = not sure it works, but let's try. 限り makes a condition and gives no sense of 'just try'.
Your score: /8